Importance of understanding personality in psychology

Importance of realizeing psycheality in psychologyIn the field of psychology it is most important to make the ad hominemity of an respective(prenominal). Personality helps sum up the values, actions, perceptions and behavior, these butt end differ from person to person. There are a number of theories that are being utilise to understand people and energise been around for many years, the five psychological concepts used are behaviorist, human-centred, Cognitive, Psychodynamic and the Biological psychology. This assignment will cover ii of the five salutees they are the Behaviourist and humanitarian approach.Behaviourists primarily focus on peoples observ satisfactory behavior, experiences and their learning process to understand individuals. According to behaviourists ones behaviour does not depend on what goes on inside the mind and also conceive if asked about their feelings it is really likely they could be providing misleading information. They also deposit that behaviour is learnt either by imitation of others or repeating behaviour that has brought an award or a punishment peoples interaction with the environment. Operant and sheer conditioning is dickens theories within the behaviourist theory.Operant conditioning cor resolve B.F Skinner (1936) is a learning method that arises through rewarding or punishing one for their behaviour.Classical conditioning which was discovered by Ivan Pavlov (1903) is express to be a learning procedure that is raised by a natural stimulus and an environmental stimulus.Watson and Rayner (1920) did a controlled test and recorded on videotapes. Watson wanted to take Pavlovs research from animals and test it on valet de chambres. This try was called minuscular Albert. Albert was 9 months old when he was tested for reactions towards various stimulis that were presented to him. Albert was returnn white rat, a rabbit, a cross, a monkey, with masks, cotton wool, and burning newspapers. It was said he show ed no fear towards the three animals. What Albert did respond negatively to was the loud noise that came from the power hammer being struck against a steel bar, Albert cried when he heard it.When Albert was a little over 11months he was tested again in other controlled experiment, he was presented with a white rat and the steel bar was stuck by a hammer, this experiment was carried out 7 times over 7 weeks. When Albert was presented with a white rat, he would burst into tears not besides that but Albert only when had to see the white rat and he would show every sign of fear towards the white rat. Albert grew to fear the white rat, he also grew a fear for all fury things and the hammer was no longer needed to get Albert crying. (Watson, John B. Rayner, Rosalie. (1920). Conditioned emotional reactions. diary of Experimental Psychology, 3, 1-14).This classically conditioned experiment was a great supremacy as it proved to be right.Some may agree recollect that the behaviourist approach is more accurate than the Humanistic approach as it is considered scientific, and there is data that is collected by the researchers that prove to be a success. This approach being classed as scientific tells us that many experiments stool been carried out to prove the accuracy of the approach and it has a backbone and isnt unsloped assumptions of what might be going on in the mind and how if influences our day-to-day behaviour.Pavlov showed existence of the behaviourist approach when he by accidently discovered that the dog produced more saliva when he saw the lab assistant because he had learnt to associate the lab assistant with food.Watson approved of Pavlovs observations and wanted to connect it to human psychology and did so by performing the Little Albert experiment (1920). This experiment being done successfully, may be classed as double check-out procedure to some as they may confide that human and animals are likewise in some sense because they adapt to thei r environment and learn to arrange according to that environment.The behaviourist theory could be classed as biased. For example Watson and Pavlov conducted their experiment in laboratory conditions which means the Independent variable (IV) was controlled and manipulated by the experimenter to beak the dependent variable (DV). The dependent variable may be accurately measured but its sense of realism has been taken away and very little free will is left.Humanistic psychology could also be referred to as the third force in psychology, its theories that conflict the Behaviourist theories. The humane perspectives are more concerned and are interested in how peoples behaviours can be influenced by a persons emotions and thoughts. How one feels and how others see an individual is what they believe shapes peoples behaviour, interested in what goes on internally rather than the outdoor(a) factors. Humanistic approach believes that personality is what shapes human behaviour and compari ng it to animals is dehumanising as each individual is unique and does not go by animalistic urges. for each one social interaction helps develop ones personality.Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are the main theorists who portray the Humanistic approach.Carl Rogers (1959) has claimed that the meaning of behaviour prefatoryally, is personal. One take to feel appreciated and current by their environment and not only that but needs to be surround by people who they can talk to and would listen and understand them, he believed that if people arent surrounded by these social factors then relationships and robust personalities will not develop. Satisfying your self by achieving your personal goals, personal wishes and personal desires in life is where self-actualization takes place. He believes that a person can only do this when their ideal self and self imagine is congruent the humanitarian term for this is a fully functioning person.Abraham Maslow (1970) created a Hierarchy of nee ds pyramid which starts off with one needing to satisfy the lower needs forrader being able to achieve self actualization. The pyramid starts off with the basic needs such as physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness, honor needs, then goes on to the growth needs such as cognitive needs, aesthetic needs. Once these needs are seen to a person is able to realise the full potential and become everyone one can become.Behaviourist and humanist approach both recognise that humans nature to respond to whatever the situation whether it is internally or externally. Another similarity with the two approaches is they both take note of other individuals and ones experience and relation with them.They contribute more difference than similarities On one hand the Behaviourist approach does not see peoples ability to think but believe they have the ability to react, just like an animal. On the other hand, for the humanistic, peoples behaviour is believed to pass along on being a ble to fulfil their needs and responsibilities, development of ones self and their self awareness.The behaviourists believe what shapes behaviour is ones response to natural stimulis and behaviour can be reshaped using Operant and Classical conditioning. As for the Humanistic beliefs ones behaviour is developed by their social interactions (Family, friends, environment and etc)Humanistic see an individual as unique, every person is unique and have their internal reasons for the behaviour, and do not believe that all behaviour is shaped by external factors comes from within the mind.