Descriptive essay Essay

I turn the key and hear the old engine turn over a few times, struggling to get going. Eventually it starts. The engine sounds rough when cold, but with a few quick revs, it starts to sound a little better. The â€Å"check† light flashes at me until I press the brake pedal to let the car test the brake lights, or press the â€Å"check† button on the roof near the sunroof adjustment switch, between the two visors. When I press the â€Å"check† button, seven small, red, LED lights brighten to show me that they are functioning properly. They are there to warn me of low oil, or low coolant, or to let me know if any brake lights, taillights, or headlights are not working. Clicking the sunroof button reclines the glass above my head. The sun beams into the interior and heats the leather. From the front seats, the pealing and fading grayish-silver paint on the hood is visible. The dark brown dashboard has several cracks, is dusty, and feels smooth to the touch. The tan glove box is protected by lock and secured with all the important documents. The modern stereo was installed improperly and sometimes different speakers fade in and out, and the stereo needs a nudge to get the sound to play in those speakers again. The dashboard lights are very dim at night, and can hardly be seen. The center console contains the dark-brown gear shifter, and around that are four window switches that correspond to the two power windows. Sitting upright in the driver seat gets the sweet smell of food. Fries, Burgers, spilled sour patches, and beef jerky (luckily it only the smell that fills the air, and not the actual food products). Once it starts rolling, the windows go down and the only smell that’s present is the scent of New Jersey pollution. Gas from the vehicle in front of me drips off and skims my tires. The smoke that people are blowing out from cigarettes ahead fills my surroundings with remembrance of death. The car sounds old, and it seems the engine makes a lugging noise while accelerating. The brakes squeal while braking, and sometimes the dark-brown leather steering wheel vibrates. After long trips, the car smells like burnt oil, but when fresh, the car smells like aged leather. If the heat is turned on, the car can become quite warm when fully warmed up, but the air conditioning does not work, so it’s never colder in the car than it is outside. The car tastes like †¦ well I actually don’t know because I don’t lick my car.

Habit, Moral Character and Politics

According to Moore and Bruder (2005), our unique and distinctive capacity to reason was termed by Aristotle as virtue. There are two kinds of virtue – when we study or exercise our reasoning abilities, we are said to be intellectually virtuous. When we use our reasoning to moderate our impulses and appetites, we are said to be morally virtuous. According to Aristotle, virtue (whether intellectual or moral) is a matter of habit. Meaning, your moral character (or moral virtuousness) is based on your habits.What you do always (habit) will mold your character. For example, ever since I was young, my mother always taught us to give to the less fortunate (not necessarily money, food and neglected toys will do). Honestly, I was really not into it but I’d rather be forced to give something than look at the stern face of my mom. Hehe! Thus, giving eventually became a habit to me. And I must say, that habit help built the generous and helpful character that I have today. As for m oral character and politics, we must first talk about moral judgments.Moore and Bruder said that many moral judgments are also political judgments. For example: â€Å"Is it justifiable for a government to restrict its citizens’ liberty? † or â€Å"When, if ever, is fine and imprisonment legitimate? † Thus, to make right political judgments, a politician must have a strong moral character from which to draw his decision that will affect the state’s citizens. Both Plato and Aristotle believed that the state is a living being that has a purpose. To Aristotle, its purpose is to promote good life (happiness) for humans.A state politician must then have a strong moral character (or the political will) to do what is morally right to uphold the good life for the state’s citizens. Aristotle also said that a good politician or lawmaker will seek a political order where the citizens will develop the morally right (best) habits from which they will develop the ir own moral characters. All told, if you want a leader to advocate what is morally right for the citizens, then that leader should have a good moral character. Reference Moore B. & Bruder, K. (2005). Philosophy: The Power of Ideas. USA: The McGraw-Hills Companies.

English as a Second Language Essay

The United States has long been viewed as the Land of Opportunity for many decades. Despite the numerous challenges that the country had to face within the recent years, this image of the United States has not wavered. Hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world continue to flock to the United States to try their luck, and to provide their children a brighter future than what they could ever have in their respective countries of origin. The continuous stream of immigrants into the country, and the fact that most of these immigrants come from countries where English is not the national language, it is no longer difficult to come across an individual in the streets who either speaks no English or has a limited mastery of the language. This is despite the fact that there has now been a rise in the number of countries that have now started programs to help train the younger generations, and even adults, to become fluent and adept to speaking, reading and writing in the English language. In many states in the country, particularly those located along the U. S. – Mexico border, the number of individuals who are unable to speak, read, write English fluently outnumber those that do (Carreira 2000; Lipski 2004; U. S. English Foundation 2005). As a result, the U. S. government has taken measures to establish a set of guidelines and standards for faculty teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) in schools within the United States, especially in public school systems situated in areas within the U. S. – Mexico border such as South Texas. This paper aims to present and evaluate the standards that have been applied in the country with regards to the teaching of ESL in schools in the United States. The paper would also present the ideal classroom setting, standards and method of teaching of ESL in school facilities in the country. These ideal standards would then be compared to the current standards and methods that is observable in ESL teaching facilities in the country. Based on the discrepancies, recommendations would then be provided at the end of the paper in order to ensure that the ideal standards are realized. The Academic Achievement Gap Issue In order to understand the importance of the evaluation of the standards and method of teaching ESL in classrooms implemented by the U. S. government, a background on the different events that have led to the creation and implementation of these standards should first be provided. The population of students enrolling in school systems around the country has been dramatically changing since the 1990s. Because of the rise of the number of immigrants relocating in the United States, the ethnic backgrounds and origins of these students have become more diverse such that the ratio of the number of native English speakers in classrooms against non-English speakers is 1:10 (Short 2000). The diversification of the students in terms of their ethnic backgrounds has resulted to an observable division between English-speaking and non-English-speaking students, particularly when it comes to the level of their performance in academics. Research studies have shown that non-native English-speaking students constantly struggle in achieving the same academic performance and standing as compared to their native English-speaking peers, which has come to be known as the Academic Achievement Gap. Based on the studies conducted in reference to determining the factors which has resulted to the presence of this gap between students in school systems of all year levels, researchers have determined that the primary factor for the presence of this gap is due to the lack of proficiency of the English language on the part of the non-native English-speaking students (Jia, Eslami & Burlbaw 2006; Lavin-Loucks 2006; Rumberger & Anguiano 2003). The Implementation of ESL Standards Since its discovery, the U. S. government has made addressing the Academic Achievement Gap one of its major concerns. This has then resulted to the passing of the Educate America Act in order to cater to the needs of non-native English-speaking students to increase the standards of their academic performance within the classroom. As a result of the passing of this act, the Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL) developed a set of guidelines to serve as standards which would be implemented within the classroom setting (Short 2000). Altogether, there are nine ESL guidelines that have been established by TESOL to be implemented in academic institutions throughout the country. These guidelines were created in order to meet three specific objectives. The first of these three objectives is to provide non-native English-speaking students the ability to communicate within their social settings. Because of their limited mastery of the English language, non-native English-speaking students become withdrawn and non-participative in classroom discussions. Through the ESL standards established by TESOL, these students would be able to develop speech act behaviors which would, in turn, allow them to participate more during class discussions, comprehend the subject matter being discussed by the instructor and be able to convey themselves during social settings (Hafemik, Messerchmitt & Vandrick 2002; Short 2000). The second objective is to allow non-native English-speaking students the ability to achieve and excel within the academic institution. Regardless of the ethnic background of the students being handled, the expectations held by instructors to their students remain the same. By being able to provide the needs of non-native English-speaking students, they would be able to meet these expectations which include the completion of assignments through both written and oral methods (Hafemik, Messerschmitt & Vandrick 2002). The third objective TESOL aims to achieve through the implementation of ESL standards in academic institutions in the United States is to provide non-native English-speaking students the ability to use the English language in a manner that would be considered by their native English-speaking peers as socially and culturally correct. While it is true that a number of immigrants relocating in the United States have some form of mastery of written and oral English, the manner as to how the language is used by such immigrants may be considered by native English-speaking individuals to be rude and unacceptable. As such, the guidelines established by TESOL aims to correct the misuse of the English language in this manner by guiding non-native English-speaking students not just in becoming fluent and adept to the English language. The guidelines and standards would also aid in the teaching of the proper means of communicating using the English language such that their native English-speaking peers would regard as proper and appropriate (Short 2000).

Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Juvenile Delinquency - Essay Example Cox, Allen, Hanser, and Conrad point out that delinquent and criminal behavior are part of the various human social behaviors. Thus, children learn the behavior just like the other social behaviors. As the theory suggests, teenagers are the most affected. Through conditioning were an undesirable behavior is punished and the wanted behavior awarded, one can learn any social behavior. Therefore, once a person starts to exhibit delinquent behavior, he or she can be stopped by utilizing the conditioning technique. Parents have a significant role to play in behavior modification where they guide their children to adopt socially acceptable behaviors. Strengthening the positive behavior aids in change achievement. For instance, it can be argued that the delinquent behavior of Shawn was learned from his mother. Consumption of illicit drugs in the United States including alcohol is a crime among juveniles. Despite the knowledge of the constitutional provision, Shawn’s mother introduced her son to alcohol intake.In addition to alcohol, Shawn started using other hard drugs like marijuana. Evidently, he got into a company of teenagers indulging in drug and substance abuse. He succumbed to peer pressure. At some point, Shawn and his friends were charged with robbery with violence from one of their schoolmates. This behavior might have developed over time with the increased consumption of marijuana, alcohol, and delinquent company. It is believed that he had issues with his father since he did not approve of his drug and substance abuse at his age.

Edexcel Strategic Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Edexcel Strategic Marketing - Essay Example In the context of strategic marketing, strategic planning can help managers to align the business strategies with the market trends and culture (Czinkota and Ronkainen 2007). The assessment of market conditions while developing a strategic marketing plan helps managers to understand the level of competition. In this way, managers are able to identify strategies that will enhance their firm’s competitiveness (Czinkota and Ronkainen 2007). From a similar point of view, McDonald and Wilson (2011) state that strategic marketing can help towards the improvement of communication and cooperation across organization. More specifically, in order for the strategic marketing process to be completed it is necessary for employees at all levels of the organizational hierarchy to cooperate and exchange views (McDonald and Wilson 2011). In addition, strategic marketing leads to the development of marketing plans that are fully aligned with the needs and the potentials of each organization (Stanco 1996). This means that each strategic marketing plan is unique, being adjusted to the characteristics of a specific organization (Stanco 1996). McLoughlin and Aaker (2010) explain that modern marketing is quite tactical. In fact, modern marketing has become ‘part of the strategic management of the organization’ (McLoughlin and Aaker 2010, p.15). In Apple, strategic marketing is used for keeping the competitiveness of the organization at high levels. Indeed, organization has traditionally focused on two key targets: innovation of products and rapid entry of the products in the market (Mohr 2009). In Apple, the use of strategic marketing has helped not only to achieve these targets but also to cover the gaps caused by mistakes in evaluating the market response towards a firm’s product (Mohr 2009). The case of iTunes is an indicative example. Apple developed iTunes

Are Trade Unions still relevant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Are Trade Unions still relevant - Essay Example While trade unions have ceased being as aggressive as they were in the past, some of them still manage to carry out their mandate today. For instance, during collective bargaining, trade unions are quite useful to respective employees because of the fact that they act as a go between the employee and the employer. A union representative is supposed to be present whenever there is need for collective bargaining. In other words, trade unions and employers are bound by collective agreements which ensure that the needs of respective employees are adequately met. It should also be noted that there are some trade unions within the UK that have been very active in promoting workers' rights. One such example is REACH. (Wadsworth, 2007) This Trade Union largely focuses on the protection of worker's rights when dealing with hazardous substances or chemicals. Through the efforts of such an organisation, it can be seen that trade unions are still needed in the workplace. (Low Pay Commission, 2007) Trade Unions are still relevant in the UK because the latter country interacts with so many others in the world, since these countries have different labour laws, it is necessary to ensure that employee rights are not infringed by those respective individuals. For example, the TUC was very active in fighting against the UK based Primark t-shirt manufacturer. According to the TUC, Primark was sourcing their raw materials from Bangladesh where their supplier was employing sweatshop labour. Through the activities of this trade union, Primark ceased working with that particular supplier thus protecting employees' rights. (Kent, 2007) How Trade Unions have lost their relevance Trade Unions in Britain were quiet useful in the nineteenth Century because at that time, industries were just coming up. There was a need to set up standards in the workplace because the economy had not yet been exposed to such a kind of arrangement. Issues such as establishment of safety rules, fair working hours, and fair wages were top on their agenda because most employers were still curving out trends and patterns. Trade Unions were the voices that ensured worker's rights were duly protected. This is actually the reason why a trade union may defined as an association of workers that is centred on the need to protect worker's rights. Issues such as fair wage were all part of the endeavour to protect their rights. (Bain, P. & Taylor, 2008) It should also be noted that during those times, strikes, lock downs, injuries and blood shedding were a common scenario for trade unions trying to fight for workers' rights. This actually made some of them highly unpopular with employers. Britain's history is characterised by large strikes that literary paralysed certain public systems. One of the greatest achievements made by trade unions at that time was the institution of legal mechanisms for protecting workers' rights. Through their tireless efforts, now managers are answerable to the law upon infringing worker's rights to hampering their freedoms. However, the UK labour system has changed drastically over the past few years. The steel industry, auto industry, rail industry and many others are now characterised by decent working hours. Additionally, enumeration policies have adversely improved in today's production sector. Consequently, trade unions are left with little else to do. Their

The media and today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The media and today - Essay Example Meeuwis in 1993 illustrated the effectiveness of media by highlighting the role of television and press in the creation of nationalism in Serbia.1 Stuart Ewen argues that advertising has a more significant power in human collective consciousness as compared to the credit, which is given to it. Moreover, the two theories Social Learning theory and Cultivation theory also describe the importance of modern media in shaping the perceptions of people.2 In 1990, Abernethy found 32 percent rate of television commercial avoidance and in 1994, King found 35 percent audience claiming to watch ads.3 â€Å"Advertising effectiveness does vary over time, and when the market is in an unfavourable or unsaturated condition, advertising generally becomes more important and effective (Chung and Kaiser 1998).†4 A research conducted by Campbell, Margaret C. and Kevin Lane Keller on Television ads and internet ads showed that on both media the â€Å"wear out point happens sooner when the ad being repeated is for an unfamiliar brand as opposed to a familiar brand.†5 Marketing Evaluation research show that nowadays, power of media mix or ‘Surround Sound Marketing’ is greater as compared to what one medium can produce, thereby, highlighting a reduced effectiveness of media.6 Moreover, the Association of National Advertisers (ANA) revealed that about 62 percent of marketers uphold that in the last two years, the television a dvertising has become less effective.7 In short, a radical changed has been seen in the advertising industry in the last few years. A logical perspective is that the consumers’ past responses to the media advertising is not the same because of the changing tastes, demographics, competition, economic and social factors, advertising theme etc. Furthermore, the marketing world has changed and even a target market consumer of a product/service is not considered to be ‘effectively exposed’, unless he watches the ad at least three to four times.

Provided in the Doc Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Provided in the Doc - Research Paper Example etic technology because it has a lot of drawbacks such as; hair loss, nausea, diarrhea, or death and significant number of the operation to replace the cancer cells without using this technology face failure. Chemotherapy is the principal cancer treatment modality which has decreased cancer mortality rate over the years. Chemotherapy causes setbacks such as nausea, diarrhea, and hair loss. Nanomagnetic technology is a scientific advancement in biomedical engineering that offers a safer alternative to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was unspecific in its action thereby had the risk of damaging healthy cells. Cases where nanomagentic technology was used, recorded fewer risks. Biomedical engineering should, therefore, be recommended as a safer alternative to chemotherapy as a cancer treatment modality According to the worldwide cancer statistics, 14.1 million people were diagnosed with cancer up to the year 2012. Out of these cases, 8.2 million mortality was reported. The United States alone reports more than 5000 cancer incidences every year. Out of this cases 137 occurred among children aged under the age of fourteen years and 59 were leukemia cases (Robert, 2013). Leukemia is an infectious disease where blood-forming organs like the bone marrow produce a large number of leucocytes, suppressing the production of normal blood cells. Nanomagnetic technology is the use of soft magnetic cores with high resistivity for diagnosis (Schulz, 2009). What drawbacks do cancer cells have, and how biomedical engineering helps to treat these drawbacks? Chemotherapy should be replaced by nanomagnetic technology because it has a lot of drawbacks such as; hair loss, nausea, diarrhea, or death and significant number of the operation to replace the cancer cells without using this technology face failure. The replacement of chemotherapy with nanomagnetic technology will reduce the side effects of chemotherapy. The study will use books and articles as the sources of information. The

Post secondary transition plan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Post secondary transition plan - Term Paper Example In this sense, a post-secondary transition plan is necessary for high school graduates joining the employment sector and those pursuing further studies. In most cases, high school graduates seek employment to find means of becoming self-reliant as they wait to join tertiary education (Miller, O’Mara., & Getzel, 2009). However, there are others who seek employment because their academic credentials disqualify them to pursue further education. Life after high school has many challenges and marks a time when individuals should engage in planning on how to improve their living standards. In order to succeed in life, individuals need to aim higher in every endeavor they decide to take after graduating from high school. In this sense, high school graduates with disability should not look at their disability as the inability and should aim for an interactive and productive life after high school. In this regard, an ideal post-secondary transition setting is one that provides career exposure, is interactive, inclusive and adaptable (Lee, Leon, & Young, 2013). After high school life, the post-secondary setting that is ideal whether at the workplace or residential, for instance, college, should expose individuals to new learning. This is because post-secondary life presents a period when individuals should learn how to deal with challenges that exist in the outside world. Prior to the completion of high school, life tends to be simple and individuals have access to support networks in case they face challenges. However, life after high school marks a period when individuals are left alone and have to engage in self-discovery. Self-discovery in this sense means learning about the new environment and how to survive. As such, an ideal setting for transition from high school should be in an environment that encourages individuals to discover themselves. In the outside

Control in Global Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Control in Global Economy - Essay Example This study therefore chose to evaluate on this catchy trend in management control systems. Management control systems in the world differ. These differences make management practices in various parts and organizations different. One country’s proven management systems may not work appropriately in a foreign country. Lere and Portz (2005), in the CPA Journal, undertook a research to establish possible reasons that may inhabit the working of a management control system in the United States with a multinational corporation firm in a foreign country. Taking a case study of a U.S based Multinational Corporation; the effectiveness of her management control system would evidently differ from one country to another or even from one branch with diverse cultural inclination to another in the same country. Therefore, the following is a report from the investigation carried out. The report from an earlier research conducted by Hofstede was that culture differs in the following aspects; power distance, gender, individual versus collectivism and uncertainty avoidance. Three regions and fifty countries were used in the analysis. However, his taxonomy added another aspect that was used to analyze twenty three nations and this is Confucian dynamism. Hofstede found out that those cultural differences has numerous implications to the effectiveness of a management system. Countries with cultures regularly referred to as the small power distance countries are associated with participative decision making and decentralization whereas large power countries are normally associated with less participative decision making and centralization. This implies that different control management systems will suit a country on the basis of their mode of decision making. For instance, in a decentralized organization, management remains at low organizational levels while in a centralized system, management control system is at high organizational

Understand below-the-line techniques and how they are used Assignment

Understand below-the-line techniques and how they are used - Assignment Example The shift towards integrated promotional strategy is one of the most significant developments in the field of marketing. It helps in building brand identity and equity which is a priority when it comes to branding. The use of different communication mediums will only be successful if there is clarity in the message and all consumers are able to perceive it in the same manner. Marketing communication can be divided into two ways: Above the line communication is conventional in nature and is quite impersonal. It includes mediums such as television, radio, web banners and print media (Vaňa & ÄÅ'ernà ¡, 2011). Below the line activities are unconventional promotional strategies which are focused towards brand building. It is most suitable when the target audience is large and difficult to approach. Below the line activities are informal and more creative than above the line activities. With markets being more fragmented, it has become highly important for markets to break clutter and attract the audience using unconventional ways such as: distribution of flyers, conducting mall activities, special events and give-aways. Below the line activities are targeted towards individual consumers and desires call-to-action. It aims to obtain individual responses from the consumers to understand their needs and preferences. In other words, these activities ensure that there is a one-to-one relationship between the bra nd and the product being marketed. Below the line activities are also measurable allowing the marketers to gauge the responses easily. Below the line channels help the marketers in tailoring their message in a more personal manner so as to develop a relationship with the consumers. Marketers can involve numerous below the line activities in their holistic marketing campaigns in order to get closer to the target audience. Whatever message they are

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Example for Free

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Some of the key areas of Chipotle’s code of conduct that are of significant importance to the business is the integrity statement and the anti-discrimination, harassment and sexual harassment policy. In the Chipotle’s Ethics and Conflicts of Interest Policy of the Integrity Statement, integrity is about being real and being honest. It means doing the right thing even when no one is watching. That means that you should do the same thing when your manager or co-workers is around or if they aren’t around. No matter what, each of them must accept personal responsibility for doing the right thing. Whether that means when someone is around or not. It also states that they should not accept gifts from competitors, suppliers, vendors, potential vendors, or business entities with which they are conducting business on behalf of Chipotle. When accepting gifts: they should never accept a gift unless it meets all of the following criteria: (1) it is not a cash gift; (2) it is consistent with customary business practices; (3) it is not excessive in value (i.e., is under $150); (4) it cannot be construed as a bribe or payoff; and (5) it does not violate any law or regulation. If you are not sure whether a gift or proposed gift is appropriate, please discuss it with your Manager/Director, who may, in isolated cases, approve your acceptance of a gift that may otherwise have violated criteria (2) or (3). Each year, employees in management positions should be prepared to submit a statement disclosing any entertainment, gifts, or services that they or members of their staff have accepted. Any items that have been accepted must be reported at that time, regardless of whether they were previously discussed with your Manager/Director. Your Manager/ Director will determine if you may keep the gift, return it, or whether it should more appropriately become Company property. You should never offer, give, or provide a gift unless it meets the following criteria: (1) it is not a cash gift; (2) it is consistent with customary business practices; (3) it is not excessive in value (i.e., is under $150); (4) it cannot be constructed as a bribe or payoff; and (5) it does no t violate any  law or regulation. Just like when receiving gifts, if you are not sure whether a gift or proposed gift is appropriate, discuss it with your Manager/Director, who may, in isolated cases, approve your giving of a gift that may otherwise have violated criteria (2) or (3). I think that this is important when receiving or giving gifts because you don’t want to lose your job over something so small. It is also a good idea to have something like this written down because for someone who doesn’t know any better, it will help them out a lot. You may accept entertainment invitations, such as business meals, if they are in line with accepted business practices, could not be constructed as potentially influencing your business judgment or creating an obligation on your part, and if public knowledge of your participation would not embarrass you or Chipotle. When such business activities occur frequently, such costs should be shared or paid for on reciprocal basis. You should always be professional. Act professionally and conscientiously when making business decisions. Personal relationships should never interfere, or give the appearance of interfering, with business actions, judgments, or decisions. When making decisions, weigh all factors impartially and without prejudice and make all decisions solely based on merit. You should honor your agreements and do not encourage or interfere with other parties’ contracts or agreements. Avoid legal speculation or conclusions in your communications. And you should not discuss areas beyond your knowledge or expertise. This is really important because I think that you should act and be professional on any job that is out here. The Anti-Discrimination, Harassment and Sexual Harassment Policy states; Chipotle believes in the value of a diverse workforce, equal opportunity, and a workplace free of discrimination and all forms of unlawful harassment. Chipotle prohibits unlawful discrimination, harassment, and sexual harassment. Employees who violate this policy may be disciplined up to and including termination. Chipotle strongly believes that employees and applicants for employment should be treated without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, age, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, veteran status, genetic information, or any other prohibited basis. This applies to all employment practices. At Chipotle, no form of harassment is acceptable. This includes joking remarks or other abusive conduct (including verbal, non-verbal, or physical conduct)  that demeans or shows hostility. Sexual harassment is also prohibited because it may be intimidating or an abuse of power and it is inconsistent with their policies, practices, and management philosophy. Discrimination or harassment of an employee-whether by another employee, supplier, vendor, or customer-is strictly prohibited. This policy I think is the most important because without this policy, so many people can harassed and scared to tell someone about it. Also the anti-discrimination policy is important because of the fact that a lot of women are discriminated against a lot of jobs out here because the mangers think that they aren’t fit for them. Some of the key steps that Chipotle should take to ensure that employees follow the code of conduct would be to have them read it when they are first hired. And then every 2 or 4 months they could give them tests on it to make sure they know and understand it. They can also make sure the managers are up to date on the code of conduct as well. Some ways in which Chipotle can engage in socially responsive activities in the community within it is operated. They can donate all their unused food to homeless shelters. They can do special deals for the senior citizens and for veterans other than Veterans Day. They can build customer relationships. They can do that by having loyalty programs. They must have good customer service or their customer’s will not return. Resources (1) Chipotle Code of Conduct (2) http://www.grouponworks.com/merchant-blog/marketing/four-easy-ways-to-build-customer-relationships-resturant/ (3) http://smallbusiness.chron.com/rules-conduct-resturant-employees-18671.html

Gender Educational Performance

Gender Educational Performance Gender Educational Performance Does gender affect educational performance in the primary school? Gender has increasingly become a growing concern for educationalists especially since the Women’s Movement has become more prominent in our society. Gender has been considered in relation to many facets associated with education, ranging from examination results, subject choices to peer interaction. The research that has been conducted is not exhaustive and is very often open to criticism and review. This is primarily due to the fact that research into educational issues is regularly context specific and therefore, it is difficult to extract generalizations when there is little comparative data from related studies available. There is limited research on Faith Schools and Independent schools and not very much comparative data for analysis between co-educational schools and single-sex schools. This creates a very difficult situation when trying to ascertain whether gender affects educational performance as opposed to the type of educational experience (Delamont, 1992). There is a substantial amount of data and analysis that is accessible detailing the relative abilities of boys and girls across core subjects, year groups, classes and cohorts. In Key Stages One and Two, SATS are undertaken in Year 2 and 6, with schools opting to take optional QCA assessment tests in Years 3, 4, and 5. In addition data is available from the Fisher Family Trust, which provides value-added data of comparative gender achievements. Certainly, from studying performance profiles for boys and girls achievements in National Curriculum tests and GCSE results, it is evident that there is a gender gap in pupil’s results (Younger and Warrington). This gap is more pronounced at secondary school level. In Great Britain, the vast proportion of research that has been undertaken into gender and educational performance has been mainly concentrated in secondary schools; this my study will hope to rectify. I will be purposely researching a region that has received very little previous investigation so as to supply context specific data which can then be used for comparative analysis in future research studies. It is important to challenge what is meant by achievement. Not all pupils are able to attain the level that is expected of them according to their age. It is universally accepted that all children are able to make some progress and acknowledgement of this fact must be given. To this end, measures of absolute attainment must be balanced with a child’s contextual value added score. This is where each child’s starting point is taken into consideration when tracking their achievements. Other factors that the school has no control over, for example, gender, EAL, ethnicity, family circumstances are also taken into account because they have been found to have an influence on a child’s performance (DCSF, 2008). CVA scores will help allow make comparisons between schools more valid. My research will utilize Raise online to provide contextual data (OFSTED, 2008) My research intends to look outside the usual conditions of maintained schools in England and Wales to assess the affects that working in single gender contexts might have on learners. It is a study, where no residual hypotheses will be tested and no pre-conceived ideas implanted in the study. It will comprise one over-arching question what effects will a single sex cohort have on pupil performance at Primary School level? Whilst gender is different from the sex of a person, they are both linked closely together socially as well as psychologically and this implies that data in gender stereotyping is just as relevant in the analysis of test results which appear to confirm established gender roles, namely subjects such as Science are for boys; English is for girls. Sikes informs us that, ‘The independent, given view of reality might be that any differences in intellectual ability and aptitude between boys and girls†¦are mainly the result of natural, biological, physiological and hormonal causes†¦.A social constructivist view, however, might explain differences in terms of socialization, as the outcome of different expectations, experiences and ways of being treated†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (2004, pg 21). In the first instance it is important to indicate the role of this study, and what contribution it – and studies like it could make to better understanding of the needs of learners. Similarly, it will not be presumed that gender will make a difference to children’s attainment; for future comparative analysis, an insignificant effect is just as important as finding a large difference. The results from the research should be adaptable to enable the project to be beneficial to future researchers. What methodology is available? Research can be undertaken in a number of different formats. Cohen et al. consider that, ‘There is no single blueprint for planning research. Research design is governed by the notion of â€Å"fitness for purpose†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ The purposes of the research determine the methodology and design of the research.’ (Cohen et al, 2007). A decision has to be made as to whether it is going to be a quantitative or qualitative research paradigm, (positivist or phenomenological). This does not mean that the two methods have to be in opposition and no prior assumptions as to the two approaches relative importance should be made. Muijs points out, ‘To ascribe radical subjectivist views to all quantitative researchers is a fallacy. To label all quantitative researchers positivists is equally inaccurate.’ (Muijs 2004) What are the strengths and limitations of the methods available? Consideration will be given to considering the strengths and weaknesses of different methods available in relation to the desired outcomes, which Cohen et al. characterize as ‘those decisions which set the boundaries of the research.’ (Cohen et al, 2007) Thought needs to be given to: what are the implications and consequences of a qualitative or quantitative approach for researching this topic? What form of enquiry should be used so that the relevant data is obtained, and draws attention to any issues? As previously mentioned results that can be measured quantitatively (for example, SAT’s results), are readily available, however, a chronological spread is required so that observable contrasts in attainment can be highlighted, or that they indicate that important modifications in teaching and learning are required. The research and methodology will concentrate on quantitative methods plus an attitudinal survey, with the proviso that positivist aspects could be included in a larger scale research study at a later date. It is now necessary to plan what format the questions will take, and determine what medium they will be transmitted in. Smith et al. disapprove of the ‘†¦.analysis of boys and girls as homogeneous groups†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (2007, pp.455-471). This view is reinforced by Cohen et al. when they draw attention to ‘representativeness and parameters of the sample’ as a major worry. (2007.pg 100)What methods will I choose and why? Will the methods be appropriate to the specific research questions asked? Data collection will mainly be by questionnaire and interview with differentiated weight attached to the responses as deemed appropriate. A variety of questions will be formulated so as to give an extensive range and quality of responses – they will be reflective by means of the questionnaires and discursive through the use of interviews. When deciding on the pupils who will be involved in the research, consideration needs to be given not only to their gender but their approach to learning in general. As previously mentioned it may be possible to explain gender achievement in relation to attitude, ability, English as an additional language, family circumstances or other reasons. These are all acceptable and valid considerations, but they could prove to be confounding variables in relation to this research. This means that each sample of children should be of a similar ability level, (within the level statements) and in addition they should have made comparable progress through value-added data. This should not automatically exclude SEN or EAL pupils but it is important that their profiles are as long as their profiles are consistent. Will the methods be realistic? Will they be managed? How long will it need? Will human and physical resources be required?) Firstly, it will be necessary to obtain the Headteacher’s permission and once this has been achieved a decision has to be made whether it is deemed necessary to get parental permission. Consent and communication between the researchers and subjects is of paramount importance to ensure that there are no ethical issues, especially if the study is going to be published at a later date. (Cohen et al, 1994, p.351, 375). Discussions and consultation will be made with the School Assessment coordinator, respective year group leaders, class teachers and the School special needs coordinator. It will be necessary to study statutory and school class records that have been collated. Once again, high ethical standards and levels of integrity are of paramount importance. This is reinforced by Cohen et al (2007), who believe that ethical practices must be adhered to. My research proposes to work with Year 5 pupils. The same Maths, Science and English lessons will be taught by the same teacher to two gendered groups of pupils over a term. Observations will be made as to how the pupils behave independently and how they interact and support others in group work. The pupils will be asked to reflect on their experience. Subsequently, and following the assigned medium term plan, the same sample of pupils will be split into two mixed gender classes where there are an equal number of girls to boys. Similarly, the same Maths, Science and English lesson will be taught by the same teacher to both groups, again for a term. The children will then answer a questionnaire about their experience as well as have an individual interview on the experience. To avoid leading questions and observer bias, the subject of gender will not be introduced. Instead the interviewee will concentrate on the quality of the learning experience that each child underwent. The questions will take the following format: Which lesson did you learn the most in? Which lesson did you enjoy most? What kind of lessons would you like have in the future? Did you achieve the Learning intention of the lesson? From these questions it is hoped that the children will refer to the gender issue. If so, it is thought that it will be more valid than if ‘guided’ questions were asked; guided questions could well lead to observer/response bias. The answers to the questions will also reveal approaches to teamwork, and the ability to interact and empathize. An informal interview can be constructive by bringing to light more understated influences, inferences and options that have not been considered (Cohen et al,2007). The personal contact between the researcher and subject is beneficial because any ambiguities can be clarified immediately and response is guaranteed which is not so when research methods involve such procedures as postal questionnaires. In the school environment, success revolves around respect, tolerance and helping others. This research aims to find out if single sex classes assist the learning process and aids pupil achievement. Conclusion This research proposes how I would conduct a research into how primary pupils perform in the altered contexts of single gender, or co-educational settings. It is primarily a study of how socialization affects learning according to gender. The results of this research obtained will be context specific. The choice of Maths, Science and English subjects to base the study on meant that a quantitative approach could be added through the use of end of term summative assessments. Also, they are subjects in which learning and ability are frequently considered to be related to gender. It is considered that this research will complement, stimulate and support future research in this area and will validate all costs and organisation deemed necessary. The research will develop our comprehension of how gender influences educational achievement, knowledge essential so that we can examine gender within the school environment but furthermore so that it can be used by the government if they feel there is a need to remedy any gender base disparities. The methodology that I have described will emphasize the subtle relations of gender stereotyping, gender and educational achievement. This research which will indicate if any future course of action is deemed necessary as a result of my findings. Bibliography Arnot, M., David, M. Weiner, G. (1996) Educational Reforms and Gender Equality in Schools. Manchester: Equal Opportunities Commission. Bell, J. (ed) (2005), Doing Your Research Project: A Guide for First-Time Researchers in Education, Health and Social Science. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Bryman, A. (1988) Quantity and Quality in Social Research (Contemporary Social Research.)London: Routledge. Centre for Longitudinal Studies (08/06/05) ‘Gender Mix Has No Exam Impact’ http://www.cls.ioe.ac.uk/text.asp?section=00010001000500150005 [Accessed on: 01/03/2008] Clark, L. (2007) ‘Four in Ten 11-Year-Olds Dont Make the Grade in Three Rs; Battling with the Basics: Crucial Skills Are Not Being Learned’, The Daily Mail (London: England), 8 August. Cohen, L., Manion, L. Morrison, K. (6th ed) (2007) Research Methods in Education, London: Routledge. Delamont, S (1992) Fieldwork in Educational Settings: Methods, pitfalls and Perspectives, London: The Falmer Press. Denscombe, M. (2003) ‘The Good Research Guide: For Small-scale Social Research Projects’ Open University Press; 2 edition. DCSF (2004) ‘Raising Boys’ Achievement’ http://www.dfes.gov.uk/research/data/uploadfiles/RR636.pdf [Accessed 28/02/2008] Hammersley, M., (ed), (1993), Educational Research: current issues. Open University: Paul Chapman, London. Hammersley, M., ‘Some Questions about Evidence-Based Practice’, in Thomas, G., and Pring, R., (eds), (2004), Evidence-Based Practice in Education, Open University Press, Maindenhead. Millard, E. (1997) ‘Differently Literate: gender identity and the construction of the developing reader.’ Gender and Education, Vol.9, No.1, pp.31-48. Muijs, D. (2004) Doing Quantitative Research. Sage: London. National Association for Single Sex Public Education: ‘Single-Sex vs. Coed: The Evidence’ http://www.singlesexschools.org/evidence.html [Accessed 29/02/2008] National Literacy Trust (26/11/99) ‘Single sex classes three year study in Scottish school’http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/Research/ressinglesex.html#motherwell [Accessed 28/02/2008] Opie, C. (2004) Doing Educational Research: A Guide to First Time Researchers. Sage: London. Oplatka, I. Atias, M. (2007) ‘Gendered views of managing discipline in school and classroom’, Gender and Education, Vol.19, No.1, Jan 2007, pp.41-61. Ringrose, J., (2007), ‘Successful Girls? Complicating post-feminist, neoliberal discourses of educational achievement and gender equality’, in Gender and Education, Vol.19, No.4 July 2007, pp.471-491. Salisbury, J., Riddell S. (2000) Gender, Policy, and Educational Change: Shifting Agendas in the UK and Europe. Routledge Secondary Schools (KS3) Achievement and Attainment Tables 2007 http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/performancetables/ks3_07/k3.shtml [Accessed 24/02/2008] Sikes, P., ‘Methodology, Procedures and Ethical Concerns’, in Opie, C. (2004), Doing Educational Research: A Guide to First Time Researchers. Sage: London. Single-sex education (2008) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-sex_education [Accessed 24/02/2008] Smith, F., Hardman, F., Higgins, S. (2007), ‘Gender Inequality in the Primary Classroom: will interactive whiteboards help?’ in Gender and Education, Vol.19 No.4 July 2007, pp.455-471. Strauss, A.L. (1987) Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge University Press. Thomas, G., and Pring, R., (eds), (2004), Evidence-Based Practice in Education, Open University Press, Maidenhead. Thomas, K. (1997) ‘In a Class of Their Own,’ New Statesman, Vol.126, 5 September Zechmeister, E. B. Shaughnessy, J.(1996) A Practical Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology. NY: Mc Graw-Hill Education. http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/research/classsinglesexabstracts.html ‘Boys v Girls: Separating Sexes Helps Boys Close Gap’, The Birmingham Post (England), August 19,2004 http://www.questia.com/read/5006729079 (accessed

Hainanese Style Curry Puffs Marketing Essay

Hainanese Style Curry Puffs Marketing Essay Old Chang Kee Ltd is a food retailers are known for Hainanese-style curry puffs, which began in 1956 with a small stall in a coffee shop. People love a delicious cake filled with potatoes, curried chicken, a slice of egg, fried with herbs and spices. In 1986, Han Keen Juan updated and prolonged to a chain of over 70 stores in Singapore, located in shopping complex, gas stations and other busy places. Old Chang Kee menu include fried snacks for breakfast and coffee selected fast food. Each curry puff readied and carefully sealed in very clear flavour that won the hearts of many Singaporeans. Old Chang Kee had their overseas outlets in Malaysia, Indonesia and China, and listed on the Singapore Exchange. 1.1 Strategic focus: To deliver consistently a wide variety of high quality hot finger food and ready meals through standardised food preparation processes To refine, and modernise traditional food recipes for the modern, multi-cultural customers To provide an alternative to fast food for the busy and mobile city dwellers The Groups objective is to seek continual revenue growth while minimising losses incurred due to increased credit risk exposure. Product and service quality is most important to be competitive in the global economy. Old Chang Kee Group will also seek alliances, acquisitions and joint ventures with other food related company Set long-term strategic plans and objectives for the group and the financial and human resources to meet their objectives (old change 2012) 1.2 Business model: Simply a business module is how planned to generate cash, and whether it appears that can do so profitably. Old Chang Kee started its business with selling handmade curry puff to customer at the early stage of business. When its business has picked up, it started diversify its product to serve variety customer segment by introducing new product likes sotong ball, chicken wing and up to 28 types of products. An innovative ideas and best practices enable small Old chang kee to improve revenue and service quality 1.3 Business justification for globalization: The main motive for globalization of old chang kee are to stay ahead of the competition and intend to capture the market share in other countries. The explanation for choosing Thailand is that, old chang kee has already had their overseas outlets in Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines and captures the hearts of the people in those countries. Since Thailand is a big country and having huge population. If old chang kee is entered to Thailand there is lot of chances to capture the market share in Thailand. 2. Analysis of the critical issues facing the organization globalization plan: 2.1Comparative analysis: Malaysia: Malaysia is upper middle-income countries. The Gross Domestic Product growth in food industry is estimated at 4 percent in 2012, and this may improve 5.6 percent in 2013-2016. Sales at stores in Malaysian food and drink industry is projected to reach U.S. $ 15.69 billion in 2011 and expected to grow to $ 21.17bn in 2015(food and beverage 2012 ). Thailand: Thailand is a leading consumer and industrial market more than $ 60 million, while the middle and upper classes people are highly lived in the main cities of Thailand in Bangkok. Chiang Mai, the second largest city in Thailand, located in the cities of the north and south, other major markets for consumers Demand for a particular variety of snacks increased in recent years in Thailand, such as breads, curry puffs and snacks such as rice crackers and noodles. In Thailand market the sweet and salty snacks is generally to grow by 7% per year to $ 1 billion in 2015. The potato chip sales exceeded $ 198 million in 2010 and snacks in general have reached U.S. $ 244 million 4.5% growth compared to the previous year. In Thailand food industry gained $27 billion in 2010 which is an increase of 30% from the year 2007(Thomas 2008). Philippines: Philippines are New Zealand 7th biggest food and beverage export markets with total exports amounted to U.S. $ 436 million in 2010.Gross Domestic Product grew by 4.5 percent in 2011, so the U.S. per capita $ 2,012 Indonesia is the worlds fourth most populous country in the world, with a population of 232.5 million in 2010 and the largest financial system in Southeast Asia(Adam 2010). In 2011, New Zealand exports of food and beverages were U.S. $ 468.3 million, becoming the 11th export destination for New Zealand. Reason for choosing: The main reason for choosing Thailand for globalization is low competition only countable numbers of snacks companies are compete in Thai market so there is high demand for curry puffs, so it is a great opportunity for old chang kee to globalize in Thailand. Old Chang Kee have already made a remarkable success in the markets of Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippine and aimed to enter into the Thailand market. Since Thailand consist of middle and high income group of people, food safety and hygiene is an important consideration among the people .Old Chang Kee provide hygiene snacks with traditional taste so it can also succeed in Thailand market. Development of urban areas and less time to prepare food at home will increase the demand for fast food. The aim of Old Chang Kee is to provide an alternative to fast food for the busy people in Thailand. The travel and tourism industry has experienced strong growth in Thailand which will help to enhance food and beverage sales mostly in the high-end market. In Thailand, the Central Islamic Committee sets high standards for halal certified food company because Muslims are consuming only halal foods. Old Chang Kee is a halal certified food company there is lot of chances to get more customers in Thailand. Most of the foods and snacks in Thailand are traditional Thai dishes. However, there are lot of demand and opportunities for other Asian country cuisine as the market slowly progressed due to globalisation. 2.2 Business issues and environments: Management of multinational and multicultural is a problem for companies and their executives during globalization. International business environment with a large number of variables is one of the important issues which are difficult to manage. Environment: Among Asian countries Thailand is also one of the fastest growing country, the World Bank announce that Thailand was listed 19th in the world and 6th in Asia in terms of doing business easily. 2.2.1 SWOT analysis: Opportunity: Healthy is becoming big concern in Thailand food market therefore healthy food, diet food snack, and food nutrition still have good potential in Thailand market. Investing in Thailand provides companies with a strong export base, with a high-developed industrial supply chain, and offers direct access to the Thai market matures over 67 million customers in the purchase of increased parity 2.2.2 Culture: C:UsersgawaskarDesktopUntitled.png Power distance: Power distance is defined, in the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations in the country expect and accept that power is distributed evenly. Thailand score 64 on the index PDI, which is slightly smaller than the average in Singapore (71). It is a society where difference is acceptable strict subordination, and the protocols were not followed. All classes have its rights and workers show loyalty, respect and the respect of his superiors in exchange for protection and guidance. This can lead to parental management. Thus, the attitudes are more formal towards managers and the information flow is hierarchical and controlled. Individualism: In individualistic societies, people must take care of themselves and their families. In a collectivist society, people belonging to the group to deal with them in exchange for loyalty. With a score of 20 in Thailand is very collectivism. Expressed as close to its long-term commitment to the member group .The society provides a strong relationship in which everyone is responsible for the other members of their group. Offence causes loss of prestige and Thailand are very sensitive should not be embarrassed in front of local group. Personal relationships are the key to doing business and it takes time to build relationships so that it takes patience and not openly discuss business in the early occasions. Masculinity / Femininity: High score (male) dimension indicates that the company believes that competition and won success .Low scores (women), the average size of the dominant values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹in society caring for others and quality of life. The main issue here is the one that makes people want to be the best (men), or you love what you do (women). Thailand scores 34 in dimension so considered as female. Thailand has the lowest value of masculinity comparing Singapore and the world average of 50.The lowest level is indicative of a society has less violence and competitiveness, as opposed to a situation where the value is considered more important and significant. Moreover, this situation reinforces the traditional roles of men and women in the population. Uncertainty avoidance: Uncertainty avoidance is a way to avoid the social processes that cannot be known in the future, should we try to control the future or just let it happen. Thailand 64 results in that dimension in order to show the preference to avoid uncertainty. To minimize or reduce uncertainty, strict rules, laws, rules and regulations are adopted and implemented. The real purpose of population control of everything is in order to avoid unexpected. As a result of these features to avoid high uncertainty, society does not readily accept change and is very risk adverse. Long term orientation: Level of long-term orientation is closely related to the teachings of Confucius and can be interpreted as a search company, if the companys future outlook oriented proven as conventional short-term point of view of practical history Thailand score of 56 in Long Term Oriented culture though not as much as for most Asian countries.LTO clear about his respect for the traditions and gender inequality. Their fears are not seeking the truth, so they can be flexible and sensible in negotiations. Thailand support long term based outlook and thus Thailand timescales and deadlines are fluid. 2.2.3 Financial system: Thailands economy is one of the fastest growing second largest economies in South Asia. Thai economy follows export-driven economic development model. Exports accounted for 60% of the total GDP of Thailand. Thailands economy is based on the principles of free trade. The low wages workers are the pillars of economic success in Thailand. Thailand has an opening for foreign currency investments (james 2012). In recent decades, Thailand has become one of the largest producers and exporters of processed foods. The country export many individual products internationally, such as canned fish, canned juices and frozen poultry. Approximately 60 percent of the food industry, and consists in 40 percent of the remainder of the beverage. The expected growth in the sector is estimated at about 10 percent per year in the coming years (josehp2012) Year GDP at constant prices (Billions) GDP growth rate % GDP at current prices (Billions) GDP at current prices (Billions) 2005 3,856.53 ( THB) 4.6 % 7,092.89 (THB) 176.35 (USD) 2006 4,054.89 ( THB) 5.1% 7,844.94 (THB) 207.09 (USD) 2007 4,259.81 ( THB) 5.0 % 8,525.20 (THB) 246.98 (USD) 2008 4,368.64 (THB) 2.5 % 9,080.47 (THB) 272.58 (USD) 2009 4,268.11 (THB) -2.3 % 9,041.55 (THB) 263.71 (USD) 2010 4,597.82 (THB) 7.8 % 10,104.82 (THB) 318.91 (USD) 2011 4,601.81 (THB) 0.1 % 10,539.45 (THB) 345.65 (USD) 2.2.4 Regulatory framework: Foreigners who want to do business in Thailand include the Law on Foreign Affairs. Export of all types of goods can be permitted in Thailand. Foreigners cannot import goods for sale, either wholesale or retail, as a company, if the company is authorized by the Ministry of Commerce and the capitalization of at least 100 million baht. However, the importation of foreign raw materials and equipment for the production of products those are not covered under foreign law. Price and value added tax (VAT), usually in the importation of goods into Thailand. Depending on the classification of goods in the price differs. Value added tax is currently 7%. In addition, excise duties on certain products, such as perfume, tobacco, oil and oil products, beverages, perfumes, cars, etc(Walker J.R, 2011). 2.2.5 Infrastructure: Thailand has an infrastructure of world class ports including several state-of-the-art, airports and communications. Suvarnabhumi International Airport and the Port of Laem Chabang in basic transportation provide manufacturers, they need for their exports, while the 225 km road between the cities is being built, which is linking Bangkok to other parts of the country is the Kingdom of efficient transport. In addition, the Greater Mekong Sub-region passageway linking Thailand with neighbouring countries in the Mekong basin, including Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and the Yunnan province of China, and promote the integration of the Greater Mekong Sub region(Hoe 2009). 3. Implementation plan: 3.1 New Entity Form and Structure: Companies can work in a range of structures such as sole proprietorship, partnership, limited partnership, Limited Liability Company or corporation. Each of these forms of integration has a number of advantages and limitations. Legal structure of the business determines how it is managed and taxed, and what rules and regulations it must follow. So to implement a new entity for we have to consider the flowing things Company Size: I plan to open some two outlets in Thailand, so the size of the company is small .there is minimum number of requirement for employees and managers and specify the shares of the owners. Since it is a small company there is no need for additional formalities. The flexible forms of business for smaller companies are Limited Liability Company. Business Purpose: The purpose of the business is to sell a product in Thailand. The rules and regulation will allow registering as a Limited Liability Company. Liability: These forms of doing business in Thailand offer the security of limited liability, which is the owners, are not responsible for the debts of the business individually. Partnerships and Sole proprietorships do not have limited liability. Taxes: Profits and losses for businesses are different for each type of business entity. Profits from partnerships and sole proprietorships cross to the owners and are treated as personal income. This means that the profit charge once. Profits from corporations and limited liability companies do not go directly to the owners but are taxed when the company pays dividends to shareholders. Based on the entity structure there are some alternatives and exceptions. (business law 2010). 3.1.2 Private Limited Company: In business terms an entity the company is the legal form of ownership. The most popular form of business organization for foreign investors is a limited liability company. The Limited Liability Company requires a minimum number of seven leaders and submits a memorandum on the importance of regular meetings, register a business and get a tax card for companies.LLC must also follow the procedures for accounting particulate in the Revenue Code, the Civil and Commercial code and the Accounts Act. Once in every year a balance sheet must be arranged and filed in the Revenue Department and Commercial Registration. In addition to this the companies are need to withhold the income tax from the salary of all regular workers. The representative office can also be configured to participate in a limited non-commercial activities, such as storage of goods or services in Thailand, where the main business, or to control and monitor the quality and quantity of purchases of goods which its head office based Thailand. Regional branch of a multinational company to be established in order to coordinate and lead the operation of the subsidiary operating in the region in the name of the head office and must not receive income or have the power to discuss business with persons or legal entities in Thailand. Submit an application for the establishment of a representative office or regional office to the Department of Commercial Registration (inra 2009). 3.2 Decision process for entry option: In the process of foreign market entry mode the decision making process is a significant strategic process. Different modes of entry may be more suitable under different conditions, and the mode of entry is a key aspect for the project success. Among the different modes of entry foreign direct investment is a suitable mode for old chang kee to enter into the market of Thailand. Green Field investment is the suitable form of Foreign Direct investment to capture and hold the position in Thailand market. Foreign Direct Investment: An investment made by a corporation or entity based in one country, into a firm or entity based in another country is generally called as FDI. Investments are made in a variety of ways either through a subsidiary or associated companies abroad, the acquisition of shares in a foreign company or through a merger or joint venture The acceptable limit for foreign direct investment dealings, which are defined Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, is 10%.This means that foreign investors of at least 10% or more of the voting rights or shares of subsidiary. Foreign direct Investment is present some types of investment, for example as joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions, or licensing agreements and green field investment. The arrival of a number of international companies in the South-East Asian country the foreign direct investment in Thailand has increased in the latest years .(jandel 2008). Green field investment is one of the effective and suitable FDI type for Old Chang Kee to open subsidiary in Thailand. Green field investment: It is types of foreign investment in the parent company to start a new business in other countries, generally in developing countries. Parent company to build new facilities and create new jobs in recruiting new staff for this facility. These companies usually offer tax breaks and other incentives to build green field investment. Greenfield is a process of growing process in foreign market from ground zero. Green field investment requires purchasing a local property and also local human resources. It is good to choose to build a foreign subsidiary from the ground up instead of making an acquisition. One of the benefits of green field investing activities can benefit from state related to implementation from scratch in a new country, some countries offer subsidies, tax advantages or other benefits in order to promote a good place for foreign direct investment (FDI).Another benefits for the green field investment no risk for losing the technical ability to a competitor. And new jobs ar e produced in the local market. In green field investment there is no need any local company for investment we can open our outlet in Thailand by our own resources. Greenfield investment is the main purpose of promoting the host country as new production capability and jobs, transfer of technology and know-how, and can make the link with the global market. The profits from Greenfield investment production do not go to the local economy which we invest, but instead to the multinationals home economy (foreign investment 2010). 3.3 Cost benefits analysis: Cost-benefit analysis to determine how well or poorly planned actions will change. While cost-benefit can be used for anything, usually financial problems. As the analysis of costs and benefits will depend on positive factors and minimize negative impacts to determine net income. Rent: In Thailand Bangkok is one of the important areas large amount of high and middle class people are living. So this is the destination place for Old Change Kee. The average amounts of rent in Bangkok for primary status office are around 694 THB per square meter/per month or 21 USD. So to open an old chang kee outlet in Bangkok it need 200 square meter approximately so the rent for outlet is 138800 TBH or 4200 USD. Cost of labour: The labour cost in Thailand is also within suitable range. Cost of labour per month will be 75,000 TBH for a Financial Controller, 55,000 for managers, 27,000 THB for an executive secretary, 18,000 THB for an accountant, 15,000 THB for sales staff, 10,000 THB for Office Clerk and between 10,000 to 8,000 THB for skilled labour. So we plan to open initially two outlets in Thailand one Financial Controller, managers and one accountant is enough for two stores .but in case of sales staff 3 person for each shop so we need 6 sales staff, 2 office clerks and 4 skilled labours. Approximately the cost of labour for two outlets in Thailand will be 237,000 THB. Other cost: The cost to take a business is also reasonable. The cost to attend important business 100,000 THB 30,000 THB depending on the business, work permit and visa legal cost implies 38,000 THB and 30,000 THB for visa renewal or extension. For work permits fee are still 3000 THB per year and the rate for one year visa 1900 THB and for a year and a re-entry permit cost THB 3800. The cost for establishing a company in Thailand need approximately 5,500 THB per million of capital. The investment costs of Thailand are commonly less expensive but this remains true only as long as the investor act with reasonable care(loies 2006). Initial investment lump sum I.I.L.S Number Particulars Cost (THB) 1 Property Deposit 200,00 2 Licence 30,00 3 Legal fee 38,000 4 Sales staff 60,000 5 Skilled labour 32,00 6 Material 150,00 7 Insurance 20,00 8 Other cost 180,00 Total 3,59,200(THB) Revenue of the project: march 2013 April 2013 May 201 3 Q1 Q2 REVENUE 76,486 73,376 75,675 COST 30,531 29,87 30,667 Rent `16,000 16000 16000 16000 Salary 76,000 76000 76000 76000 Utilities 13,750 13750 13750 13750 Administration 8,000 8000 8000 8000 113750 Variable cost Raw materials 475,800 426500 441600 449770 448640 Other cost 52000 53000 54830 54290 53850 Advertising 54,320 61020 51040 51040 57480 Marketing and distribution 120,300 114400 115600 123240 102460 Net profit=revenue-running cost 98630 157660 152230 155810 Investment recovery = 838400 (739770) 582110 429880 274070 3.4 Marketing plan: A written document that describes the marketing and advertising for next year, but includes a discussion of the situation in the market, as well as the marketing mix, which will be used for the analysis of target markets and marketing destination. 3.4.1 Product Feasibility and Strategy Products provided by Old Chang Kee are great snack. Old Chang Kee offering curry puffs and proposed a list of new products and brings them to the supermarket and consumers. In Production plant the materials and machines that are used is guaranteed for the human-friendly and safe environment. Machinery and equipment which are used is tested in terms to give healthy snacks and best in taste which is worth for the amount that customer give. The products of Old Chang Kee is famous for the aroma and the traditional taste. 3.4.2 Pricing Strategy: The price depends on type of the product. The current pricing model is more effective, Old Chang Kee make sure that price of the brand is a balanced to the snack offered . Using all information in this business plan, the pricing strategy of Old Chang Kee would be to provide healthy and best-tasting curry puffs and other snacks in Singapore at reasonable price. In this case, the pricing strategy for the cost of all products would include, labour costs, production cost, raw material costs, etc. Old Chang Kee believes that the unique characteristics of its products and has said that high prices can support. However, the target market involve group of young people who usually have no source of income from their own interests, Old Chang Kee will keep costs at the lowest level in order to maintain a cheap price for all their products 3.4.3 Distribution strategy: A distribution network is performed to answering the questions of where to get, how to get and when to get in terms of getting products to their outlet. The process in distribution strategy to identify who is responsible for sending and receiving. Someone must make timetable for when items will be sent from the production site. 3.4.4 Promotion: Part of the marketing campaign is installing a free sample taste booth for the first week outside of the market. Planed to post Advertising in local newspapers includes Old change kee name and location select cheap advertising companies for aggressive promotion. Planned to give offers for the students and offer for purchasing bulk amount of product. Management believes that this is sufficient to advertise the company, and the rest will be delivered to the mouth-to-mouth (Jill Konrath )

oxygen :: essays research papers fc

Oxygen   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oxygen Atomic number8Atomic weight15.9994Melting point-218.4oC (-361.1oF) Boiling point-183.0oC (-297.4oF) Density (1 atom, 0oC) 1.429 g/lValence2electronic config.2-6 or 1s22s22p4.Oxygen is one of the must important factors that made it possible for life to exist in this planet. Oxygen is also one of the elements must found in earth. Oxygen can be found in in metals, water, and even the one thin that protects us from the powerful sunrays. Oxygen is a very unstable element, which makes it easy to make compounds with other elements creating different kinds of solids and liquids. Oxygen is found in the air as O2, and found in the ozone as O3. Oxygen is essential to all planets’ life. The Discovery of Oxygen   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On August 1, 1774, Joseph Priestly examined the effect of intense heat on mercuric oxide. He noted that an air or gas was readily expelled from the specimen. To his surprise a candle burned in this with a remarkably vigorous flame. He called this new substance dephlogisticated air in terms of the current chemical theory of combustion. When he went to Paris on 1775 he showed his discovery to Antoine Lavoisier. When Antoine examined the gas he found that dephlogisticated air combined with metals and other substance. Because some of the compounds form acids he called the gas Oxygen form the Greek words for sour and I Produce.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oxygen in the Atmosphere   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Atmosphere surrounding the earth is a mechanical mixture of gases. The most important of these gases are oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is the essential element for life. It is odorless, colorless, tasteless, and slightly heavier than air. The chief commercial source of oxygen is the atmosphere. Oxygen may be separated from the mixture of gases that make up the atmosphere. This is done by physical means by subjecting air to very high pressures and low temperatures until a point is reached where it passes form the gaseous into the liquid state. Than the liquid is introduce to some warm, so that nitrogen, which has a lower boiling point then oxygen, evaporates off. Oxygen as first prepared by heating certain metals oxides, including mercury oxide. Ozone   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ozone (O3), named for the Greek word for â€Å"smell,† is a poisonous, colorless and tasteless gas with a distinctive smell. Molecules of ozone are probably the source of the smell that can be detected close to working electrical equipment such as motors and TVs.

Defintition of History :: Expository Essays Research Papers

Defintition of History The statement " History is nothing more than a collection of the static facts of the past; people who say history changes are terribly misguided" is incorrect. History is more than just static facts when ideas and concepts involved in history are understood and applied in life. Also, history changes when new applications of ideas found in past history are put to use and when new facts about happenings in the past are discovered. The statement is only taking into account the basic facts of history, which are definite things that occurred in the past and is not looking beyond the facts. Beyond just static facts is where true history lies. History is tale of mistakes and successes made by man that all people can learn from, it retells stories of human kind's past and why things are the way they are today. To understand a concept in history such as World War II a person just can not know the name Hitler or the place Pearl Harbor, they must understand the motivations behind Hitler's moves, where he came from, and why countries reacted the way they did. Every person that learns the facts that occurred in history makes choices in their minds on how they compare the things that happened in the past to things that happen in their lives and their time. History does change. It changes for everyone that learns about it. History changes every time a new comparison is made or another lesson is learned. These lessons are constantly being learned in every situation a person is met with. For instance, a young child could touch a flame and be burned, the next time they see the flame they would remember the burn and relate the flame to the last situation and thus make the choice of whether to touch it again.

Describe the Importance of Continuing Professional Development

Continuing professional Development is a fundamental part of Teachers educational as only a Continuing Learning and training reassures a high level of knowledge and allows Teachers to keep their professional skills and knowledge up to date, examples of CPD consist of:Work based learning.Informal or practical learning, which takes place round life and work experience.Peer mentoring on job-shadowing.CPD gives a new knowledge what may help us to deal with new or complicated situation, can also keep us to complete our goals. It also helps with keeping up to date with the latest Teaching techniques, regular reviews of procedures and practices, such as first aid and Child Protection.Continuing professional development increase the standards of our skills set, to always be updating skills and developing knowledge, to be successful at work we do. In a school it is very important that we take strong interest in continuing professional development, it means that our standards are mostly like t o be high and also would make it more interesting to parents seeking a placement for their child.Being able to work together as a group is very important, illustrating to pupils that team is essential for a society to work in harmony. This should require that each member of the team to take on a specific role, sharing ideas and achievements. Effective teamwork between the school staff is very important as it ensures the smooth running of the school. Teacher team work is dependent on trusting, professional relationships with each other and with their supervisors.As a result of teamwork teachers and teaching assistants improve the way in which they work together well to meet the needs of the children in their classes. Teachers working together and helping each other creates a good environment of team work that improves students performance and work confidence. The people in the school share the workload to allocate appropriate roles and responsibilities.In a school environment the man purposes of the team are to: support and respect each other within the school team including all members of staff and  children provide a safe environment. The main team purpose of team works:to provide a safe emotional environment for children;to motivate children to use their full intellectual potential;to support and respect one another.In my setting there are a number of purposes and objectives of the team in which they work. The purpose and means towards aim and goals, the objective we are trying to achieve is to help all children to achieve their English, Maths and reading.To prepare them to year 2, provide them with all round curriculum for year 1, assist in development and passion for learning and happiness in school and also safety atmosphere. The values form the foundation of the curriculum the following are our nine Hampton values:Expectations.Collaboration.Independence.Reflection.Resilience.Risk taking.Creativity.Enjoyment.Aspiration.Building positive relationships wi th peers and staff, the three aims at the school are: Successful- with an appetite for learning, lifelong passion for learning where they make progress and achieve. Confident- live safe healthy and rewarding livesResponsible-making a positive contribution to our diverse and changing society. Giving general support within a specific class or department. Within a primary school the purpose of the Teacher assistant is to work with the class teacher and in many cases with other adults and assistants who work together.Within a Secondary school the assistant is more likely to work within a specific department or subject that you have a particular strength in, such as Maths, English. A clear understanding of your weekly  and daily activities and tasks should be available through discussions with teachers and access to plans.Supporting a named child- if you work with an individual child you may also work alongside others such as SENCO or external professionals, who may come into the schoo l such as the following:Education welfare officer.Occupational therapist.Speech and language therapist.Specialist teachers.

Company comparison: Tesco and Panda

After doing or so enquiry, I decided to choose deuce companies as the disposals to be comp argond in the compose submission, which argon Tesco and red panda.In this log-book, the cultivation I gather lead be printed in italic, and my personal opinion entrust be written in 14 occlusion font size with belowline.I nourish most of the schooling from the internet, besides, I say slightly information from the email which the companies autho gussy upd website, press and the magazines.Tesco operates 2,291 retentions around the piece and employs 296,000 race. We give up ploughn from a domesticated retailer, to an dry landwide congregation, through our organic growth platform. This class, any(prenominal)(prenominal) iv com speckles of the Tesco form, the force UK line of cargon, non- nutrition, sell function and world(prenominal)ist, piss increase in realiseability.Retailing serveTesco personal finance, completed in 1997, divulgeright has every where 3.4 one thousand one thousand one thousand million node accounts and 15 growths and services. It achieved profits of 96m in 2003 (Tesco sh argon 48m). Tesco.com is the bounteousst grocery e-tailer in the world and achieved a profit of 12m in 2003. We announce recently that we would launch a contumacious line phone service in the summer of 2003.Non-foodHalf of our UK wise spot pass(a) this course of instruction has been for non-food and the result has been to grow our commercialize sh atomic recite 18 to 5%.By analyzing the higher up information, we bath bugger off an overview of the break iningy. It is empty that Tesco is a large-sized organization, which has gr hold from a domestic retailer, to an Inter guinea pig assembly. How did Tesco advert it? This is the question I d experience got after reading above information. This mathematical function shows almost operative flesh out of the fellowship, for example, the employee numbers, age coordin ate, the ownership of the firm, etc. instruction OF APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES OF THE COMBINED CODE The conference is committed to high standards of incarnate governance. This disceptation describes the manner in which the companionship has employ the principles raft break through in the feature Code on Corporate Governance.DIRECTORS AND THE room The lineup of Tesco PLC comprises eight decision describer theatre directors and 6 breaka federal agency Non- executive director coachs. The Chairman, Mr. J A Gardiner, is an independent Non-executive Director who has a primary responsibleness of running the t up to(p). The hirer executive director, Sir Terry Leahy, has executive responsibilities for the operations, results and strategic discipline of the Group. Clear divisions of right and responsibility exist and operate eventively for these places. In addition, Mr. G F Pimlott is the elderberry bush Non-executive Director. The age gather ins that no one sou l or group dominates the decision- reservation shape. Since the family-end, the climb on has announced its age plans for the retirement of Mr. J A Gardiner in March 2004.The full Board meets at least ten generation a year and annu in whole(prenominal)y devotes deuce days to a conference with aged(a) executives on longer-term planning, giving deemation cardinal to the opportunities and games of succeeding(a) strategy. The Board manages general curtail of the Groups affairs by the schedule of matters dumb for its decision. In so far as corporate governance is concerned, these include the citation of fiscal statements, major acquisitions and disposals, authority levels for expenditure, exchequer policies, risk circumspection, Group governance policies and succession plans for elder executives.To enable the Board to strive considered decisions, a written protocol exists and has been communicated to sr. managers ensuring that relevant information is made purchasabl e to all Board members in cast aside of Board meetings. every last(predicate) Directors stick out glide slope to the services of the federation Secretary and whitethorn amaze independent passe-parttaboo advice at the attach tos expense in the stillance of their duties.The disrupt up for Director training is tied(p)ly assessed by the company.The above information shows a part of operational exposit of the organization. This part developed the board of Tesco and its operation, for example, the full board meet at least ten times a year and take a shit whatever to a outstandinger extent conference as well, this is very logical, all Directors may take independent professional advice at the companys expense in the justance of their duties.GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES The avocation paragraphs describe the blusher governance structures operate in the Group under the boiler accommodate direction of the Board. administrator citizens committee The Board delegates day-to-day an d origin counseling mark off to the Executive committee, which comprises the Executive Directors. This meets noblely every week and its decisions argon communicated through out the Group on a regular hindquarters. The Executive commissioning is trusty for implementing Group polity, the monitoring and effect of the backup and reporting to the full Board at that placeon.Nominations commissioning Ap heightments to the Board for twain Executive and Non-executive Directors ar the responsibility of the Nominations Committee which is chaired by Mr. J A Gardiner and whose members argon set out in the table at the stooge of this page.As exemplified by the section on Directors and their interests inwardly the Directors report on pages 5 and 6 of the 2003 annual report, the companys Articles of Association gibe that on a rotational solid ground Directors resign every three days and, if they so desire and are eligible, twisting themselves for re-election. wages Committee The Remuneration Committee, placid entirely of Non-executive Directors, is chaired by Mr. C L Allen. The members are set out in the table at the bottom of this page. The responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee, to dismounther with an explanation of how it applies the Directors remuneration principles of the corroborate Code, are set out in the report of the Directors on remuneration on pages 12 to 21 of the 2003 annual report. analyse Committee The Board has an audit Committee, chaired by Mr. G F Pimlott and consisting entirely of Nonexecutive Directors, which meets a minimum of three times a year. Membership of the Audit Committee is set out in the table at the bottom of this page. Its terms of reference are inspectioned annually and represent current outstrip practice. The Committees primary responsibilities include monitoring the carcass of home(a) realize throughout the Group, authorize the Groups accounting policies and reviewing the interim and annual financia l statements before submission to the Board. The Committee depart be underpickings an assessment of the Groups position in relation to the Financial describe Council guidelines for strengthening the Combined Code, issued recently as the Smith Report, although it is commitd that the Group already abide by substantially with the proposals. The review exit likewise cover the role and effectiveness of the Non-executive Directors as set out in the Higgs Report. conformance Committee The compliance Committee ensures that the Board discharges its obligations to comply with all necessary laws and regulations. It has accomplished a schedule for the regular review of the Groups operational activities to ensure conformity with authoritative practices and policies.The Committee, comprising two Executive Directors and three members of elderberry bush perplexity, normally meets tetrad times a year.Some functional expatiate are given in this part the structure of management. There a re five physique of committee each one has its own duty, and they operate very well when they pull in together. The logical structure is an early(a) discernment of Tescos success. As polar oddball of organizations, there essential be exits amid the management structure of Tesco and lesser panda, I will equalize them in the written submission.INTERNAL construe AND RISK MANAGEMENT The Board has overall responsibility for inner(a) image, including risk management, and sets divert policies having regard to the objectives of the Group. Executive management has the responsibility for the identification, evaluation and management of financial and non-financial risks and for the performance and maintenance of control systems in accordance with the Boards policies.The Board, through the Audit Committee, has reviewed the effectiveness of the systems of internal control for the accounting year and the point to the date of approval of the financial statements, although it should be understood that such systems are designed to provide reasonable and non absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss.Internal control environment The Group operates an objectives-driven approach manoeuvreed at satisfying its core purpose that translates into a rolling five-year backup plan. The plan covers two revenue and cracking expenditure and forms the soil of melodic line plans for all our business entities. From this the Board, together with monitoring regimes establish upon our Steering Wheel, agrees the annual revenue and jacket crown budgets.The Steering Wheel is the term employ to describe our balanced scorecard approach, which we believe is the best way to achieve results for our stockholders. It sets out a broad range of targets under quadrant headings of customers, operations, people and finance. This allows the business to be operated and monitored on a balanced basis with due regard for all stakeholders. The Board undertakes a formal review o f touchion on a quarterly basis and any resulting intelligent actions considered appropriate are communicated throughout the business.The capital investiture programme is equal to(p) to formalised review procedures requiring rudimentary criteria to be met. All major initiatives require business cases to be prepared, normally covering a minimum period of five years. Post-investment appraisals are similarly carried out.Risk management routine At the highest level, the Board considers strategic risk every time it meets. The two-day Board Conference, referred to earlier, considers where future opportunities and risks lie and helps shape our corporate strategy going forward. Accountabilities for managing operational risks are distinctly assigned to line management. Internal controls have been developed over all risks in line with the risk appetite resolute by the Board and are field of battle to review. Formal risk assessments are carried out routinely throughout the busine ss. Procedures exist to ensure that significant risks and control softenures are escalated to senior management and the Board, as necessary, on a daily, weekly and periodic basis.What is the develop of these strategies? Does red panda have the similar management surgical procedure? If not, how does it supervise with the same problem? observe The monitoring of strategic and operational risks are responsibilities of the Board and line managers respectively.The Board maintains the chance upon Risk Register and considers at their formal risk assessments whether the actions being taken in mitigation are sufficient.The Internal Audit function besides operates on a risk-based approach helping managers with their risk responsibilities and advising on appropriate controls.PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our external auditors, contribute a barely independent perspective on trusted aspects of the internal financial control system arising from their dress. Independence is strengthened by an agreement to rotate audit partners every five years. The engagement of auditors is considered annually by the Audit Committee.Annual statements received from CEOs make headway resist the monitoring of primeval appurtenant operations. These statements confirm that the Boards governance policies have been adopted in practice and spirit.Overall, the Audit Committee seeks to ensure that the whole management process provides adequate control over all major risks to the Group. This is achieved through consideration of regular reports from internal and external audit alongside discussions with senior managers.Other specialist functions within the Group, notably Trading Law and skilful and Company Secretariat, provide assurance and advice on health and safety, regulatory and legal compliance and social, ethical and environmental issues. These functions report their findings on a regular basis to the Compliance Committee.What are the advantages of these responsibilities? How could they be taken in bear cat? I will try out to find the answer when I am doing giant pandas research. At present, I think the company can prevent from risk at least it can reduce the fallacious effect.Communication A programme of conversation exists and is constantly being developed, to ensure that all module is aware of the parameters that constitute grateful business performance and the expectations of the Board in managing risk. This provides clear definition of the Groups purpose and conclusions, accountabilities and the mountain kitchen range of permitted activities of companies, executive functions and individual stave.Communication is an substantial part of organizational culture, what are the intercourse channels of Tesco and Panda? How does it work? The programme of chat is constantly developed and it is be necessary.CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY The Board regards Corporate Social obligation (CSR) as an integral part of the overall corporate governance frame work and is fully integrated into existing management structures and systems. Therefore, the risk management policies, procedures and monitoring methods described above evenly apply to our CSR activities, including the management of social, ethical and environmental (SEE) risks.Many investors take an interest in how companies are managing non-financial risks as these can, under certain circumstances, have an impact on shareholder value. For example, The Association of British Insurers (ABI) has published revelation guidelines on social responsibility, including SEE matters, for investors and companies. populate year, we published our freshman CSR Review on our website, www.tesco.com/everylittlehelps. This reflects the importance that Tesco has placed on CSR over the past 10 years. More details of our CSR strategy can be set in motion in the Tesco Corporate Social responsibleness Review 2002/03 and on our website.We have an naturalized cross-functional CSR Committee that meets a minimum of four times a year. The CSR Committee is chaired by the Group Corporate Affairs Director, and its membership is made up of senior managers from all parts of the business. One of its objectives is to identify banes and opportunities for the sexual climax year and to highlight emerging issues.The CSR Committee has complete a set of CSR find Performance Indicators (KPIs), and these KPIs are used to cover performance quarterly and annually. The KPIs feed right off into the Steering Wheel monitoring system excuseed earlier and thus contribute to the overall monitoring of Group performance and control evaluation by the Board.The Chairman of the CSR Committee makes regular reports to the Executive Board on CSR matters.The CSR KPIs and the related management system are available in the CSR Review 2002/03 and on-line. truly there is a relationship among environment and the companies. Environmental factors influence the development of companies and create opportunities an d threats for them it influences and determines the way the company must operate and how it has to accomplish its merchandiseing objectives. split of environmental details have been shown by the information. Tesco made a great effect on Corporate Social Responsibility and the company gets a tough book by its customers. I will pardon the reason in the written submission.This year gross sales in our core UK mart have grown by 7.9% and vestigial operating profit by 6.9% reinforcing our position as the number one food retailer in the UK. Our strong UK performance allows us to widen into retailing services and planetary commercialises.Number of storehousesIn the UK we receptive 62 recent stores this year adding a further 1.4 million sq ft. We also acquired 1,202 T&S retentions, a hint gismo retailer, giving us an additional 1.8 million sq ft. This brings the total number of stores in the UK to 1,982. quatern store formatswe tailor our stores to meet our local anaestheti c customers drives. We have four different store formats Extra, Superstore, Metro and Express. All formats provide a different shopping experience for our customers, but all offer the same outstanding value.Store developmentwe listen to customer and staff feedback to continually change our stores. This year our UK development plan has seen refresh and annexe programmes, tailored to local customer requirements, im bear over 200 stores.Staffour fast(a) and committed staff have helped make us Britains biggest supermarket. This year we have taken on an additional 9,000 people, with a further 5,000 over Christmas, to help serve our customers better. 104,000 of our staff are shareholders.The above data prove Tesco to be the biggest retailer in UK does it but locate in UK? If not, what around its international market? What have Panda make? As I know Panda is the biggest electronic company in mainland chinaware at present, and it is also facing to the international market. Between t he two different types of companies, is there any similar idea when they are dealing with the global market?In our European business sales have grown by 22.5% and underlying operating profit by 56.7%. We have receptive 18 hypermarkets in the year, making us the largest hypermarket operator in primal Europe. cardinal countriesTesco now operates in five countries in Europe as well as the UK Republic of Ireland, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland, accessing 68 million people.Number of storeswe now have a total of 230 stores crossways Europe and this year we became the leading hypermarket retailer in Central Europe. Our ongoing plans for the region will see us expand next year to over 100 hypermarkets, growing our market share even further.Sales sphereour expansion programme has seen our total European sales area increase to 10.6 million sq ft in the past 12 months, a rise of 31% on last year. This includes the 13 hypermarkets acquired from the HIT chain in Poland.StaffThi s year we have taken on 6, viosterol extra staff and we now employ 47,500 people crosswise our European operation. In Hungary we are the countrys succor biggest private employer, with 11,000 members of staff working across our operation.This year our Asian operation has delivered sales growth of 45.5% and underlying operating profit growth of 144.8%. We operate in four countries across South East Asia including our latest market, Malaysia.Four countriesthis year we opened our root stores in Malaysia. We continue to build a business of descale in our developing markets of Thailand, South Korea, Taiwan and Malaysia, accessing a macrocosm of 155 million.Store developmenta total of 28 new stores were opened across the four countries, including seven base plus stores in South Korea. These new stores have boosted our total floor post across Asia to 7.5 million sq ft, a rise of 34% on last year.Store formatswe have act to develop our formats to suit our different customers needs. In Taiwan, plans are in place to open our first city-format store in the capital Taipei by and by this year. In Thailand we now have eight Express stores, a supermarket, and our first value store.Staffthis year we recruited a further 4,000 local managers and staff to deliver for our customers. We now employ a total of 28,000 people across Asia. In Thailand we had over 600 internal promotions last year.As the biggest retailer in UK, in order to have further development, Tesco has to entry to the international market, and it has already had whatever progress now. now its store are located in 9 countries, and number will be still increasing. It has a large number of stores, employees, and loyal customers as well. It has different strategies in different spots. In the written submission, I will canvas the data of the two companies. To complete it, I need to search much information about the functional advantages or disadvantages to location, type of property, running costs, time at location etc.Every day, to a greater extent than 11 million people visit our stores crafty they can pick what they want, when and where they want itTescos growth/service details are clear shown in its homepage. It has a big range of carrefour/service so it can make customers intuitive feeling satisfied. The nature is childlike let customers know they can pick what they want, when and where they want it. nowadays I will move on to Panda, a Chinese electronic company. This part will also contain organizational details which are shown in Tescos.As the cradle of chinas electronics industry, Panda Electronics Group Co., Ltd. ( reefer) was put ined in 1936, with a fib of sixty-eight years. Brand Panda is the first Chinese electronics proceedss send entered into international market and also the first Well-Known Brand of electronics industry in China. narrow is one of the largest electronics all-encompassing sense enterprises, one hundred twenty pilot enterprise groups, 5 12 key enterprises, six largest groups of electronics industries in China.Since the 50s of 20th century, much than 30 Chinese leaders including monoamine oxidase Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin had inspected narrow. With the great concerns of leaders of the government and the Party, pin tumbler has developed rapidly.Recently, major products of rowlock covers HF discourse, satellite communication system, mobile communication system, macaronis production equipment, base station, program control exchangers, mobile phones, TV sets, washing machines, videodisc players, computers, monitors, system integration, network, software and radio receivers. engineering science force of PEG is in leading position in Chinas electronics industry. With its own power, PEG has created more(prenominal) first in China and won national honors. PEG has not only five national engineering science research centers (engineering research centre for A/V digital products, national technology develo pment centre, mass production technology centre, micro-electronics technology design centre, and engineering research centre for mobile satellite communication technology), but also post doctoral scientific research station.PEG cooperates with 12 large international companies entered into the flower 500 largest companies in the world and more than 10 key universities and research institutes in domestic in technology fields to collectively develop new products. The speeds of renew of products has been increased greatly. Up to now, PEG has subscribers of 70,000,000 people, and is a renowned brand electronics company possesses the most subscribers in china. Adhering to regard subscribers standard as the top standards of enterprise, PEG is responsible for subscribers, services for subscribers and obtained the security measure for ISO 9001 international look standards assurance.While self-developing, PEG made great efforts to exploit the international market and actively joint ventu re with the international large companies, such as Swedens ERICSSON, Japans SHARP and Koreas LG, made good sparing efficiency. It became a new growth point of economic efficiency of the company.Nanjing Panda Electronics Co., Ltd. was founded in 1996. H shares and shares were issued to the public in Hong Kong and shanghai respectively. The Company was listed on The Stock put back of Hong Kong Limited and the Shanghai Stock deputise respectively. In 1999, the Company carried out the policy of reconstructing of the assets, realized the reform of multi-element property rights.As the cradle of Chinas electronics industry, Panda Electronics Group Co., Ltd. was founded in 1936. Brand Panda is the first Chinese electronics products brand entered into international market and also the first famous Brand of electronics industry in China. Panda Electronics Group Co., Ltd. is one of the top 520 national key enterprises, one of the top 120 enterprises under experiment and one of the key ente rprise groups in Nanjing Municipality and Jiangsu Province. The Company established 5 national R & D centers and a postdoctorate research work station.The Company established marketing networks spreading over nationwide, more than 40 countries and regions in the world. Users and consumers are up to 70,000,000. The Company was honored freshman Grade Stated-Owned Enterprise in the first batch, topic Key New in high spirits-Tech Enterprise and graded among the top 500 largest industrial enterprises in China for 10 years running.Now I have an overview about Pandas company profile, from a simple point, what is the difference between Tesco and Panda? This would be an beta part I which I should explain in my essay. It also shows some operational and locational details, which I can compare to Tescos directly in the essay. The operational details I have got is not as many as Tescos, although I sent the company an email, they replied me with a couple of(prenominal) information. However, I find more locational details of Panda, so I can have a detailed discussion about its advantages/disadvantages in the essay. There are both commonplace points and differentia between the two companies operational details, but all the information be the locational details of the two companies are rather distinct from each opposite. These discussions will take an alpha part in the following written submission.Then I found Pandas functional details on its website and the magazine, in the essay, I can compare this with Tescos functional details to point out their feature.They also sent me some more details with email, shown in the next page.Board of Directors bunkNameChairman, chairwoman and CEONi RunfengVice-Chairman and COOWang FengchaoDirector and CFOLiu TibinDirector and Vice-PresidentLi KexingZheng GuangqingWu JiangBoards Secretary and Vice-PresidentTan MingxianDirectorHe MingfenDirector and Minister of preparedness & Development DeptLang FengweiDirector and International business concern DeptWu JiangDirector and General Manager of Air-conditioner ComLi JinSenior ManagementExecutive OfficersPresident andChief Executive Officer(CEO)Ni RunfengExecutive President andChief Operation Officer(COO)Wang FengchaoChief Financial Officer(CFO)Liu TibinVice Executive PresidentsLi KexingZheng GuangqingWu JiangTan MingxianAs a comprehensive multinational corporation, what is the characteristic of its structure? What is the difference between the two companies structure? why do they have differences? This is the main part I am going to explain in my essay.Panda Management ConceptionsIn our realizeing, management of an enterprise denotes the administrators thoughts and ideological level. It is the process through which the administrator does his management work with a clear and dedicated aim to advance the prospects of the company.In doing something new, we will certainly meet some obstacles. If we are disinclined to have a try or even to make plans for innovations , we will surely not succeed in making progress. Furthermore in making innovations, we world power struggle or even fail sometimes, but we feel we can make progress gradually by cultivation from our mistakes.An administrators ideological level has a great effect on the management efficiency. We feel he needs to be open and aboveboard, and should manage the company with strong ideals of jurist and fairness.An administrator should always set up a new aim for the company to operate with as a goal in object. A new aim stimulates all of the staff to work harder. We need to always bear in his mind that only the fittest will be able to survive in the tough market competitor. Market competition is like soaring against the current either you keep forge ahead or you keep move behind. Thus, an administrator should always work with a new goal in mind. besides in this way can he continue to take new action and to deal with new situations with foresight which will allow the company to mak e utile progress.So, the characteristics of Panda management depend on the philosophy that people are case-hardened as the foundation of the companys success and that spot the management rules are always strictly adhered to, the employees are nevertheless an integral part of and always regarded as essential to the companys continued progress and success.Panda IdeasThe purpose of the company is to serve people with technology.In our business operations, we have a clear management concept that we will win the market so long as we publish on a large scale at a leading pace.We have taken a market-and-order-orientation attitude toward the market. All we are doing in our work is for the services of customers and market.We are constantly improving the quality of our products. We are trying to reach the highest level in quality control.In military unit management, we firmly believe that the company should on the one hand offer employees opportunities to expand their abilities and that on the other hand the employees will earn profits for the company. Thus we consider the relationship between company and employees as a reciprocal one from which both can benefit.Now I consider Pandas management conceptions/ideas, as parts of its organizational culture, it contains many differences with Tescos. I will explain what the differences are in the essay.Since the 50s of 20th century, more than 30 Chinese leaders including monoamine oxidase Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin had inspected PEG. With the great concerns of leaders of the government and the Party, PEG has developed rapidly. Monopolization is forbidden in China, so Chinese government gives some help to other smaller competitors of PEG. As a huge market, China attracts many overseas companies, some large-sized companies, such as Sony, Samsung, and National, join in to the competition, to encourage the external enterprises, Chinese government constituted some policy for them as well, for example, low tax. W ithout the support from the government, PEG is not too strong to win the competition. International marketing has go a major issue for companies. In the twentieth century, world betray has been more and more important. All over the world companies are aiming at penetrating new international markets.As a large company which can not get enough market shares in its own country, PEG planed to entry the international market as well. When entering international business it is necessary to take into account the semipolitical system of the target country.It is much more risky to operate in dictatorship or anarchy than in democracy. semipolitical stability is a basic requirement. The legal environment of the target country is also essential to consider. China has free trade agreements with several countries, making it less pricy and easier to exportation Chinese products and to import foreign products. These circumstances contribute to the increase of foreign trade by providing an env ironment, in which it is lento for Chinese companies to export their products to international markets. In case of an export company, the most important legal factors are the export-import regulations, requirements, restrictions and the rate of tariffs. When establishing a subsidiary in another country, other legal factors become important.The company law, competition policy and tax regulations determine the normal operations of the company. Along with foreign investment regulations, environment-protection requirements etc., they set the legal environment for the firm. It is important to carefully examine and consider these factors. The threat posed by them can be reduced if the management is aware of them and understands these regulations well. PEG did get this great chance and it exported a large amount of its products to the developing countries and some western countries, unfortunately it did not deal with the regulations very well, for example, in Chinese advertisements it is usually allowed to compare competing productions, but it is not allowed in many European countries, PEG did not realize this when it first entry a foreign market, as a result, in some countries the company was indicted as export dumping.In order to review an organization or individual services, it is important to understand the external factors that influence the organization. An effective way to identify these external influences is to carry out a PESTEL analysis. Because of the different situation of China and UK, it is no doubt that the impacts of environmental factors for the two companies are different. By using the information I have, I can do a PEST analysis of both Tesco and Panda in my essay by taking some examples.It manufactures many kinds of products including the following serial publicationColor TV serial CTV, PTV, apply TV serial (Hotel TV, Huge protuberance TV Wall, CRT TV Wall, TV-PC, Playback TV, etc)Air-conditioner serial all kinds of Windows, Wall-mounted , Cabinet, Floor-mounted, and small Central Air-conditionersAV product series all kinds of videodisk, VCD, DVD+AMP, Amplifier, Voice speaker Box, CD, MP3Network series DVB-C, DVB-S, ADSL, C-LAN, and Family Information-resolution SystemBattery series High Quality Environmental auspices Battery, reversible Battery, Nichrome Storage Battery and kinds of ChargersElectronic subdivision series PCB, FBT, Tuner, kinds of Transformers and Coils, Inductance, Conduct-electricity Rubber, SpringProtection for caoutchouc series Finance Band System, Hotel System, employment Management, Public Place, Family Protection for Safety, Individual Protection System for SafetyLCD series LCD-TV, LCD-M and other LCD applied products washcloth theater Appliance and small Household Appliance series Washing Machine, Water-heater, and elicit Gas CanteenTechnology Equipment series kinds of convocation Line, Frock of Assembly Line, Meters of Assembly Line, and Tools of ProductionThese are information whic h relates to Pandas product/service details. As same as Tesco, Panda have many different kinds of products, and it also develops in some other industries. Comparing to each other, the two companies product/service are totally in different area, however, they may have the common management conceptions/ideas, it will be kindle to compare this part in the essay.Now I have collected the two companies details about their operation, location, function, environment and product/service. All the information will be used to prove my opinion in the written submission.